It really does get into wine tasting territory sometimes. One of the biggest problems, I think, is that the terminology isn't very standardized. For years I thought "woody" had a straight-forward meaning, but it turns out that there is major disagreement about even that word.
When it comes to the sound of an instrument, there are multiple dimensions. Here's how I think about it:
Tone Color: This is the Fat to Thin spectrum. You might also think about it as Dark to Bright. Or maybe Warm to Tinny. To give an extreme example of "Fat," think about the sound of an upright bass. It has a full sound. On the "Thin" side, think about striking a single note on an autoharp. It has a sharper, shrill, emptier sound.
Note: In the grand scheme of things, mandolins will fall on the thinner side of the tone color spectrum. So if we call a mandolin "fat" or "warm," it doesn't mean that it sounds like an upright bass, it just means that it is "fat for a mandolin."
Volume: This is self explanatory. If someone says their mandolin is "a real cannon," they are saying that the mandolin is loud. The main problem here is that everyone thinks they have "a real cannon" so it's hard to rely on that description.
Sustain This describes how long a note rings out.
Complexity: I think people are trying to describe the overtones that they hear in addition to the fundamental frequency. I'm not sure what to call this spectrum, but I usually think about the sound as ranging from complex to dry. On the "complex" side you hear more overtones, and on the "dry" side you hear mostly the fundamental note. I treat the words "dry," "hollow," and "woody" as meaning the same thing (but there is disagreement here). I treat the words "complex" and "rich" as having the same meaning.
Tight/Open: Mike did a good job of describing that. I think these two terms describe some combination of Tone Color, Volume, and Complexity.
There are certainly more ways to describe mandos beyond what is listed above. In the end, the terminology is just a shortcut to help us find a mando we like.
Bookmarks